• Aldose reductase ALR EC the first enzyme in the polyol

  2024-12-16

  

  Aldose reductase (ALR2, EC1.1.1.21), the first enzyme in the polyol pathway, is a monomeric oxidoreductase that catalyses the NADPH-dependent reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl compounds, especially glucose. In this metabolism pathway, glucose is firstly reduced to sorbitol catalyzed by ALR2 wi

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction Diabetic

  2024-12-16

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Diabetic complications are responsible for increased morbidity and mortality of diabetic patients. Increased flow of cantharidin through the polyol pathway under conditions of hyperglycemia contributes to the development of diabetic complications. Aldose reductase

• br ABCA is a sterol responsive gene The first evidence

  2024-12-16

  

  ABCA2 is a sterol-responsive gene The first evidence to demonstrate that ABCA2 expression responded to sterol loading was provided in an experiment involving monocyte to macrophage differentiation in vitro. Upon sterol loading with enzymatically degraded LDL (eLDL), ABCA2 expression increased onl

• G has been shown to participate

  2024-12-16

  

  Gβγ has been shown to participate in various MT-dependent processes such as cell growth and differentiation [15,[21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26]]. G-protein β-subunit anti-sense oligonucleotides have been shown to inhibit cell proliferation and cause disorganization of the mitotic spindle in mamma

• In order to get a better understanding of this

  2024-12-16

  

  In order to get a better understanding of this synergy, we tested the effect of preliminary incubation of harmine with non-stimulating concentrations of gonadotropins or FSK before subsequent stimulation by FSK or gonadotropins alone, also at sub-stimulating concentrations. We observed that human L

• br Experimental section br Conflicts of

  2024-12-13

  

  Experimental section Conflicts of interest Acknowledgments This work was partly supported by INSA-Rouen, Rouen University, CNRS, Labex SynOrg (ANR-11-LABX-0029), Région Haute-Normandie. Introduction A key component of the integrated management of key pests such as codling moth (Cydia po

• Another open question is whether GABA and ACh are

  2024-12-13

  

  Another open question is whether GABA and ACh are released from the same synaptic vesicles, or even the same presynaptic terminals. Multi-transmitter neurons may either function through co-release, in which multiple neurotransmitters are packaged into the same presynaptic terminal and are therefore

• The srd a isoforms showed unique

  2024-12-13

  

  The srd5a isoforms showed unique expression profiles in early FHM development (Fig. 2). Similar to amphibian embryos, there was a high abundance of both srd5a1 and srd5a3 at 1dpf in FHMs, suggesting that mRNA for these enzymes may be maternally deposited and that these enzymes may play a key role in

• br Results br Discussion Both ATM

  2024-12-13

  

  Results Discussion Both ATM and ATR are key regulators of the cellular response to DSBs, yet how exactly they function in concert is not well understood. Recent studies revealed that ATM is required for the resection of DSBs (Jazayeri et al., 2006, Myers and Cortez, 2006), a process necessary

• A disruption of lung barrier function caused

  2024-12-13

  

  A disruption of lung barrier function caused by PM2.5 has been observed in our experiments; however the underlying mechanism has not been investigated. Zhao et al. (2018) reported that PM2.5 down-regulated the expression levels of tight junction (TJ) proteins and resulted in nasal epithelial barrier

• Based on the extracellular domain structures we can

  2024-12-13

  

  Based on the extracellular domain structures, we can infer that the dimer arrangement of GABAB receptor will undergo substantial changes upon receptor activation (Geng et al., 2013). First, agonist-stimulated closure of GABAB1 VFT would cause an upward rotation of its LB2 domain, coupled with an inw

• br Experimental section br Acknowledgements br Introduction

  2024-12-13

  

  Experimental section Acknowledgements Introduction DJ-1 is a highly conserved, homodimeric protein that was originally cloned as an oncogene capable of transforming UNC 3230 in cooperation with activated ras[1]. DJ-1 is over-expressed in multiple tumor types and is positively correlated wit

• The MOB and AOB are

  2024-12-13

  

  The MOB and AOB are important in ungulates (Keller and Levy, 2012, Sanchez-Andrade and Kendrick, 2009), which rely heavily on odorant information for social interactions (Baum and Cherry, 2015, Keller and Levy, 2012, Osada et al., 2014, Villagran and Ungerfeld, 2013). The release of GABA and glutama

• Among steroid saponins ginsenosides are the active component

  2024-12-13

  

  Among steroid saponins, ginsenosides are the active components of ginseng, a well-known chinese medicinal plant. More than hundreds of different ginsenosides have been isolated from ginseng and have shown in the past to be membrane active substances and to influence the membrane by modulating lipid

• Growth inhibition assays are the most commonly used to

  2024-12-13

  

  Growth-inhibition assays are the most commonly used to identify antifungal small molecules. However, they have several facts that limit their use since many pathogenic fungi grow as filaments making difficult a correlation between growth and OD (optical density). They are not useful for identifying

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